Manassas Battlefield (Bull Run) Field Trip
The first Battle of Bull Run occurred on July 21, 1861. The Union and Confederate armies were involved in massive fighting. The armies would meet again in August 1862 at Manassas. The Confederates won a solid victory which helped mark the height of their power.
The VA SOL Standards for 4th Grade
Civil War and Postwar Eras VS.7 The student will demonstrate knowledge of the issues that divided our nation and led to the Civil War by
a) identifying the events and differences between northern and southern states that divided Virginians and led to secession, war, and the creation of West Virginia;
b) describing Virginia’s role in the war, including identifying major battles that took place in Virginia;
a) identifying the events and differences between northern and southern states that divided Virginians and led to secession, war, and the creation of West Virginia;
b) describing Virginia’s role in the war, including identifying major battles that took place in Virginia;
The First Manassas Battle
"On July 21, 1861, Union and Confederate armies clashed near Manassas Junction, Virginia, in the first major land battle of the American Civil War. Known as the First Battle of Bull Run (or Manassas), the engagement began when about 35,000 Union troops marched from the federal capital in Washington, D.C. to strike a Confederate force of 20,000 along a small river known as Bull Run. After fighting on the defensive for most of the day, the rebels rallied and were able to break the Union right flank, sending the Federals into a chaotic retreat towards Washington. The Confederate victory gave the South a surge of confidence and shocked many in the North, who realized the war would not be won as easily as they had hoped."
(http://www.history.com/topics/battle-of-first-bull-run)
(http://www.history.com/topics/battle-of-first-bull-run)
The Second Manassas Battle
"The Second Battle of Bull Run (Manassas) proved to be the deciding battle in the Civil War campaign waged between Union and Confederate armies in northern Virginia in 1862. As a large Union force commanded by John Pope waited for George McClellan's Army of the Potomac in anticipation of a combined offensive, Confederate General Robert E. Lee decided to strike first. Lee sent half of his Army of Northern Virginia to hit the Federal supply base at Manassas. Led by Stonewall Jackson, hero of the First Battle of Bull Run (Manassas) 13 months earlier, the rebels seized supplies and burned the depot, then established hidden positions in the woods. On August 29, Pope's Federals clashed with Jackson's men, who held their ground with heavy losses on both sides. The following day, after the rest of Lee's army arrived, 28,000 rebels led by James Longstreet launched a counterattack, forcing Pope to withdraw his battered army toward Washington that night."
(http://www.history.com/topics/battle-of-second-bull-run)
(http://www.history.com/topics/battle-of-second-bull-run)
Differences Between the North and the South
There are quite a few differences between the North and the South. One of the biggest that people talk about in reference to the Civil War, is slavery. But slavery was not the only difference between the two. First of all, the reason they were divided on slavery was due to the climate and economic differences between them. The North was not very agricultural and contained more towns and cities. The economy in the northern part of the United
States was more industrialized, while in the southern part, it was focused around agriculture. This focus on agriculture was heightened by the ability to use slave labor. This is why, the idea of bringing new states into the Union caused problems. The North wanted free states, while the South wanted to have more slave states. These disagreements were pushed to their limits during the 1860 presidential election. Once Abraham Lincoln was named president, a few states seceded, or left, the Union. The group formed the Confederate States of America and the Civil War began.
Videos and Photos
-http://www.nps.gov/mana/index.htm
-http://www.history.com/topics/battle-of-first-bull-run/videos#civil-war
-http://www.history.com/topics/battle-of-first-bull-run/videos#america-divided
-http://www.history.com/topics/battle-of-first-bull-run/videos#first-battle-of-bull-run
-http://www.history.com/topics/battle-of-second-bull-run/photos#
-http://s1275.beta.photobucket.com/user/alexasevero/story/11463
-http://www.history.com/topics/battle-of-first-bull-run/videos#civil-war
-http://www.history.com/topics/battle-of-first-bull-run/videos#america-divided
-http://www.history.com/topics/battle-of-first-bull-run/videos#first-battle-of-bull-run
-http://www.history.com/topics/battle-of-second-bull-run/photos#
-http://s1275.beta.photobucket.com/user/alexasevero/story/11463
Summarize
First Battle of Bull Run:
-Fought on July 21, 1861
-The North retreated back to Washington.
-The Southern victory marked the moment of realizing this would not be the short war they hoped for.
Second Battle of Bull Run:
-Fought in August of 1862
-The North waited, but the South attacked first.
-Once again, the battle ended with a Union retreat to Washington.
Differences Between the North and South:
-The North was industrial and South was agricultural.
-The North wanted free states, while the South wanted slave states.
-Once Lincoln was elected president, states decided to leave the Union.
-The Civil War was fought between the Union (North) and the Confederates (South).
-Fought on July 21, 1861
-The North retreated back to Washington.
-The Southern victory marked the moment of realizing this would not be the short war they hoped for.
Second Battle of Bull Run:
-Fought in August of 1862
-The North waited, but the South attacked first.
-Once again, the battle ended with a Union retreat to Washington.
Differences Between the North and South:
-The North was industrial and South was agricultural.
-The North wanted free states, while the South wanted slave states.
-Once Lincoln was elected president, states decided to leave the Union.
-The Civil War was fought between the Union (North) and the Confederates (South).
References
--http://www.nps.gov/mana/index.htm
-http://www.doe.virginia.gov/testing/sol/standards_docs/history_socialscience/index.shtml
-http://www.history.army.mil/StaffRide/1st%20Bull%20Run/Overview.htm
-http://www.history.com/topics/battle-of-first-bull-run
-http://www.history.com/topics/battle-of-second-bull-run
-http://www.history.army.mil/books/Staff-Rides/2Manassas/2mns-ov.htm-http://www.history.com/topics/battle-of-first-bull-run/videos#civil-war
-http://www.history.com/topics/battle-of-first-bull-run/videos#first-battle-of-bull-run-http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stonewall_Jackson
-http://www.history.com/topics/battle-of-first-bull-run/videos#america-divided-http://www.history.com/topics/battle-of-second-bull-run/photos#
-http://s1275.beta.photobucket.com/user/alexasevero/story/11463-Images and Photobucket provided by Alexa Severo
-http://www.doe.virginia.gov/testing/sol/standards_docs/history_socialscience/index.shtml
-http://www.history.army.mil/StaffRide/1st%20Bull%20Run/Overview.htm
-http://www.history.com/topics/battle-of-first-bull-run
-http://www.history.com/topics/battle-of-second-bull-run
-http://www.history.army.mil/books/Staff-Rides/2Manassas/2mns-ov.htm-http://www.history.com/topics/battle-of-first-bull-run/videos#civil-war
-http://www.history.com/topics/battle-of-first-bull-run/videos#first-battle-of-bull-run-http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stonewall_Jackson
-http://www.history.com/topics/battle-of-first-bull-run/videos#america-divided-http://www.history.com/topics/battle-of-second-bull-run/photos#
-http://s1275.beta.photobucket.com/user/alexasevero/story/11463-Images and Photobucket provided by Alexa Severo